This is a journal article published in the 2018 is based on a survey conducted across three major manuscript repositories in Keralam, namely 1) Oriental Research Institute and Manuscripts Library, Trivandrum 2) Sree Rama Varma Government Sanskrit College Grantha Library, Trippunithura and 3) The Thunchan Manuscripts Repository, University of Calicut, Kozhikkode. The list is in alphabetical order.
The available information is arranged in eight columns. They are 1. Name of the manuscript/ transcript as provided by the repository 2. Author 3. Register number of the manuscript as recorded in the library 4. Size 5. Total number of pages 6. Number of lines in a page 7. Condition of the manuscript and 8. Remarks about the manuscript.
The authorship is written only if the manuscript contains the corroborative details. The register number is given according to the catalogues available in the library ( In some cases, manuscripts are not catalogued and provided like x99). The present condition of the manuscript / transcript such as whether readable, damaged or worm-eaten are also noted. Remarks are based on a quick survey of the manuscripts. In some cases the quick survey potential different category (astronomy as opposed to Mathematics in case of some texts), this is noted wherever it is the case.
The importance of regional studies in providing a comprehensive framework for the writing of Indian History has been recognized for a long time. The Indian subcontinent displays considerable diversity in geography, language, culture and economic conditions. It is not surprising that a general theory which can explain all the regional variations in the social and economic development of India has proved elusive. However, detailed regional studies that have been undertaken recently are useful in throwing light into a number of problems that a student of history faces while analyzing the socio-economic structure of a particular period or the character of a social movement. Such studies have also demonstrated the complexities involved in applying an accepted historical concept or category in a specific regional context.
BhadradΔ«pam is an unpublished Kerala astronomical text with mathematical computations. It is written in MaαΉipravΔαΈ·a verses which is a mixture both Sanskrit and Malayalam language. It comprises of eleven chapters.The author of the text is IαΉakramaΓ±ceri NampΕ«tiri who belongs to PerumaαΉpuαΉa near Calicut.
It contains the description of how to construct the armillary sphere ( BhΕ«goαΈ·a), the calculation of Kali year and Εaka year and the PalabhΔ (the equinoctial shadow of the gnomon) experiment.
Like their Tamil counterparts Malayalam EΓ±cuvaαΉi are also number primer with list of numbers, list of measures, addition and multiplication numbers. Malayalam EΓ±cuvaαΉi is yet to be deeply studied.
This edited version of Kanakku SΔram is based on Palm Leaf Ms. D. No. 291 in the Govt. Oriental Ms. Library Madras. It is edited by C. Achyuta Menon and published by Government Oriental Manuscript Library. A digital copy of the text is housed at Granthapura - Kerala Digital Archive.
The text does not name its author. However the author mentions that they base their compilation on the teachings of their Guru, KaαΉakkatikΔram and LΔ«lΔvatΔ«. The editor has grouped the verses under 6 Chapters. The verses which describes numbers or procedures are followed with problems often. An explanation to verses are often given in prose.
The text appears to combine numbers from both Lilavati and Kanakkatikaram to produce a longer list of numbers. In addition to this it also deals with grain measures, gold measures and so on found in Kanakkatikaram texts. The text also refers to diversity in linear measures, in terms of how a kol may vary from place to place. Rule of three, Rule of five and above, the inverse rule of three etc are explicitly stated and many problems on the same are posed. The text also includes problems to compute interest rates, problems on muthukanakku (on computing value of pearls) and a variety of time measures among other things.
This Kanakkusaram Balaprabodham is edited by C. Achyuta Menon and published by Government Oriental Manuscript Library. The editor does not mention the repository information of the corresponding palm leaf manuscript. This is similar to Kanakkusaram, but the editor notes that this is simpler. Additionally it contains some verses not in Kanakkusaram and it does not have some verses in Kanakkusaram. It is likely that the author of Kanakkusaram Balaprabodham is different from author of Kanakkusaram but that their sources are similar. The author of this text also mentions that the text is based on Kanakkatikaram and Lilavati.
The version we link here is a digital copy of the text is housed at Granthapura - Kerala Digital Archive.
This is one of the six commentaries of LΔ«lΔvatΔ« in Malayalam according to K V Sarma. It contains a problem on UruαΈ· PaliΕa, or what the text later explains as 'paliΕakku paliΕa'. The Malayalam term 'paliΕa' translate as interest and 'paliΕakku paliΕa' translates to interest on interest [see r. 106 - r.109]. The text has a Sanskrit verse on how to solve the problem and gives detailed description in Malayalam. Compound interest is usually not found in any of the major texts such as LΔ«lΔvatΔ«, PΔαΉΔ«gaαΉitam, KaαΉakkatikΔram, Ganitasarasangraham or in any Sanskrit Commentaries of Lilavati.
